Bette nesmith graham was a single mother in the 1950s who took a job as a typist at a bank. Liquid paper bette nesmith graham invented liquid paper. The invention of liquid paper the washington secretaries. It was 1954, and the texas bank and trust, where she worked as a secretary, had just replaced its old manual typewriters with new ibm electrics. However, since the monkees did not form until 1965, and bette nesmith graham sold her first batch of mistake out in 1956, it would be fairer to express the factoid in reverse. A dallas native, bette nesmith graham, quickly became one of the most successful women inventors of the 20th century when she invented the widely used office product, liquid paper. Graham secretly used her white correction paint for five years, making some improvements with mistake out started the s operating at a small loss, with nesmith. Bette nesmith graham was the inventor of liquid paper. As a child, she was strong willed and a discipline problem in school.
Evolution of word processing timeline timetoast timelines. The evolution of the female inventor insights and events. Bette nesmith graham march 23, 1924 may 12, 1980 was an american typist, commercial. Bette nesmith graham, who invented liquid paper the new york. Graham was born in dallas, texas and grew up nearby in san antonio, texas bette nesmith graham. Bette nesmith graham, who invented liquid paper a struggling secretary created a concoction that relieved her and others around the world from the pressure of perfection. As electric typewriters came into widespread use after world war ii, bette nesmith graham and countless other secretaries let out a collective groan. Bette nesmith graham didnt tell anyone about the first few bottles of her whitish concoction. It was very important when material was typed with a typewriter, but has become less so since the advent of the word processor. Bette nesmith graham invented mistake out, later renamed liquid paper, to paint over mistakes made with a typewriter. Biography of bette nesmith graham, inventor of liquid. Bette nesmith graham was a troublesome teenager, and dropped out of high school to marry her first serious boyfriend, 24yearold warren nesmith.
Bette nesmith graham was born march 23rd, 1924 bette nesmith graham. Typists at work at unilever house in blackfriars, london, september 1955. Bette nesmith graham invented mistake out, later renamed liquid paper 20th century timeline 1900 1999 10 importantes inventos creados por mujeres mar 24, 1959. A pioneering single mom created liquid paper, and its. Correction fluid was invented by bette nesmith graham in 1951. She was a typist, and artist, a secretary, a mother, and inventor of liquid paper. Woman of the week bette nesmith graham 12192019 12. Most widely held works about graham bette nesmith women inventors, vol. It was originally called mistake out and was the invention of bette nesmith graham, a secretary in dallas and a single mother raising a son, michael the monkees.
Inventing liquid paper got a secretary fired and then made. Although i remember using it several years later at the republican national committee, we were strictly forbidden to use liquid paper, korectype, even erasure at the white house. Bette nesmith graham invents liquid paper, the worlds first correction fluid. Since then he has proven himself an innovator in musical genres and music videos his work in the latter area led to the creation of the mtv network. Bette nesmith graham march 23, may 12, was an american typist, commercial artist, and the inventor of liquid paper. Like many women in the 1950s, bette nesmith graham made a living as a. Extraordinary women in history nbc 5 dallasfort worth. Commonly used by students and great for correcting mistakes, the liquid paper was invented by bette nesmith graham after she saw that it was difficult to correct mistakes caused by using typewriters.
A to z research the history of great inventors past and present. Originally called by the brand name mistake out, graham began selling correction fluid in 1956. Nov 27, 20 this pin was discovered by rachel plybon beach pierpont. Evolution of word processing timeline created by manderson95. Make educational timelines or create a timeline for your company website. The introduction of liquid paper came to cover up the blunders that we usually make when writing or rewriting a book or paper. Top liquid paper just for copies correction fluid 22 ml. Monkees michael nesmith opens up in new memoir daily. Bette was an artist and use to handling paints and inks. Timetoasts free timeline maker lets you create timelines online. In 1979 bette graham sold the company to the gillette co.
Christopher lathan scholes patents the first practical typewriter. At that time, all typists worked on electric typewriters, and they had to be very careful not to make mistakes since there was no easy way to fix them. Entrepreneur bette nesmith graham invented liquid paper. Bette nesmith graham march 23, 1924 may 12, 1980 was an american typist, commercial artist, and the inventor of the correction fluid liquid paper not to be confused with competitor whiteout. Three everyday items invented by women national womens history. Features women inventors ruth wakefield, mary anderson, stephanie kwolek, bette nesmith graham, patsy o. Timeline of united states inventions 19461991 wikipedia. Bette nesmith graham inventor, entrepreneur, philanthropist chapter 26 section 3 texans endure an economic crunch 26.
Bette nesmith graham biography, life, interesting facts. Typists who are prone to making mistakes when using oldfashioned typewriters or. In 1968, nesmith graham opened a new plant with 20 employees. For example, liquid paper correction fluid was developed and commercialized by bette nesmith graham in the 1950s using a blender and some paint in her kitchen. Sherman, ann moore, grace murray hopper, margaret e. He abandoned her after fathering their son, and she worked as a secretary and commercial artist while raising. She was the mother of musician and producer michael nesmith of the monkees. Find and shopping results for liquid paper just for copies correction fluid 22 ml bottle white 71001 pap71001 from. She did not receive any awards even with the success of her invention that is used until today. Graham, bette nesmith, 19241980 lc linked data service. Read morebette nesmith graham invented mistake out, later renamed liquid paper, to paint over mistakes made with a typewriter. It is unknown what new inventions are needed, but no doubt inventions will continue to be made.
Bette nesmith graham march 23, 1924may 12, 1980 was the inventor and businesswoman who made a fortune from her invention liquid paper, a product which along with its competitors such as witeout, allowed secretaries to quickly correct typing mistakes. Read a biography of bette nesmith graham, the famous woman inventor who created liquid paper. Nesmith married robert graham in 1962, and he joined the business as well. In the mid1980s, a twelveyear old girl developed an invention that greatly helped people who have difficulty communicating.
Graham was born bette clair mcmurray in dallas, texas. Bette nesmith graham was a perfect example of necessity as the mother of invention. The debut of liquid paper in 1956 developed by secretary bette nesmith graham revolutionized the work of thousands of clerical workers in the nations capital. Born in houston, tx, nesmith is the son of bette nesmith graham, the. In 1968, she moved into her own plant and corporate headquarters, automated operations, and had 19 employees. Some of the greatest inventors are women fast company. Nesmith launched a television program, popclips, on nickelodeon. Graham, says grahams biography on the website of her gihon foundation. Bette nesmith graham used a blender to mix up her first batch of a correcting fluid for typewriters and made a fortune. That year bette nesmith graham sold one million bottles. She mixed the whitish concoction in her kitchen blender and poured it into. She used her own kitchen blender to mix up her first batch of liquid paper, the substance used to cover up mistakes made on paper.
Rachel zimmerman of ontario, canada created a software program using blissymbols. Michael nesmith liquid paper from television parts duration. Bette nesmith graham didnt tell anyone about the first few bottles. There are several options, including full disclosure.
At that time the company employed two hundred people who produced twentyfive million bottles of liquid paper per year. One night she went home and using her blender and some white. Bette nesmith graham and liquid papers success by 1967, it had grown into a million dollar business. One december, in 1951, bette nesmith graham invented liquid paper. Bette claire graham march 23, 1924may 12, 1980 was an american typist, commercial artist, and the inventor of liquid paper.
We provide both the date the invention was officially developed, plus the era indicated on our timeline. Bette graham 23 march 1924 12 may 1980 was an american typist, commercial artist, the inventor of liquid paper, and mother of musician and producer michael nesmith. Invention timeline, detailing in chronological order, historic inventions and their corresponding patent dates. The timeline is starting to take shape and we only need to add some background information, so type in the following again typing will overlap. By 1967, liquid paper was a milliondollar enterprise.
Tsai lun of the hun dynasty developed paper as we know it today made from plant fibres. She is also the mother of michael nesmith, a member of the. The new machines did make typing easier, but their carbonfilm ribbons made it impossible to correct mistakes neatly with a pencil eraser. She founded what was to become a multimilliondollar enterprise because she was a poor typist. Unfortunately, bette nesmith graham passed away the. Paper mate liquid paper fast drying correction fluid pdf. How the inventor of liquid paper, bette nesmith graham, helped. Thomas, as well as young inventors tenyearold becky. She was also the mother of musician and producer michael nesmith of the monkees.
Bette nesmith graham by juliette underwood looye book oral history interview with bette graham, 1977 august 3 and 1980 april 2 by bette nesmith graham. Nesmith set up an office and installed equipment and software and built videoranch, a website and virtual world with chat rooms and avatars, streaming music and videos. As they say, every story starts somewhere, and bette nesmith graham showed. A timeline created with timetoasts interactive timeline maker. Bette nesmith graham biography, birth date, birth place.
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